Clinicohaematological study of anaemia in antenatal patients

Background: According to WHO, approximately 75% of pregnant women in developing countries and 18% in developed countries are anaemic. In India prevalence of anaemia is reported to be 33%-89% and is one of the important causes of maternal morbidity and mortality. The present study was done with the objective to study the socio-demographic factors related to anemia and the distribution of different types of anaemia in antenatal patients.Methods: A prospective analytical study was done on 205 pregnant females who presented with anemia (Hb <11 gm/dl) in 1st, 2nd and early 3rd trimester (up to 30 weeks of gestation) in the department of obstetrics and gynecology of Swaroop Rani Nehru Hospital, Prayagraj from September 2017 to September 2018.Results: The rural background with lower socio-economic status comprised majority of the anemic patients (65.9%) with the major cause being iron deficiency anemia (68.8%). The patients mainly presented with anemia at late second or early third trimester (82.4%). Clinical signs like pallor, oedema and symptoms like palpitations and dyspnoea were more associated with severe anemia than mild and moderate anemia.Conclusions: Anemia prevention and prompt detection is the need of the hour with effective management. In India, major cause of anaemia are nutritional deficiencies which can be treated by proper diet and medications. The advises of routine iron supplementation during pregnancy, regardless of whether the mother is anemic or not, is strongly recommended by this study.

Prevalence Of Prehypertension In Medical Professionals Of Jammu

Prehypertension(PHT)leadstohypertension(HT)andiscloselyassociatedwithincreasedincidenceofcardiovasculardiseaserisk(CVD).PrevalenceofPrehypertensioninmedicalprofessionalscangiveanideaoftheirriskofprogressionto(HT),soastoreducetheburdenof(HT)andCVD.Objectives‐ PrevalenceofPrehypertensionamongMedicalprofessionalsofJammuandcomparisonofprevalenceamongmalesandfemalesofmedicalprofessionalsofJammu.MaterialsandMethods‐ TheaimwastoestimatetheprevalenceofprehypertensioninmedicalprofessionalsofJammucityandcomparisonofprevalenceofprehypertensioninbothmalesandfemales.Thestudyincluded184medicalprofessionalsfromMedicalCollegesofJammuregion.Thebloodpressurewasrecordedbyauscultatorymethodusingmercurysphygmomanometer.Results‐ PrevalenceofPrehypertensioninstudypopulationwas74.46%(males‐ 92.73%,females‐ 6.67%)whichwasstasticallyhighlysignificant.Conclusion‐ Aboveresultsshowsthatthereis,HighPrevalenceofPrehypertensionamongthemedicalProfessionals,indicativeofvigorouspreventivemeasurestobetakensothattheriskofprogressiontoHypertensionandsubsequentCardiovasculardiseasestobecurtailed

Comparative Evaluation of Efficacy of Interscalene Block vs. Interscalene Block and Superficial Cervical Plexus Block for Fixation of Clavicular Fractures

Introduction: Regional anaesthesia is seldom used forclavicle fractures considering the anatomical location of thebone. We aim to compare the efficacy of two techniques ofregional anaesthesia as sole anaesthesia technique for fixationsof clavicular fractures.Material and methods: 60 Adult patients with claviclefractures were divided randomly in two groups (1 and 2) andwere administered interscalene block (ISB) only or interscaleneblock and superficial cervical plexus block(ISB+SCPB) assole anaesthetic, respectively. Patients were monitored forefficacy of block and adequacy of anaesthesia and analgesiaat the surgical site. Side effects and hemodynamic parameterswere also monitored.Results:. ISB+SCPB provides excellent anaesthesia forclavicle fixation. Only 1 patient in group 2 required GeneralAnaesthesia(GA) whereas in Group 1, 8 patients required someform of supplemental anaesthesia. There was no statisticallysignificant difference in side-effects and hemodynamic profilein both the groups.Conclusion: ISB+SCPB is significantly better than ISB onlyfor anaesthesia for fixation of clavicular surgeries.

A Comparative Study Of Onset Time And Intubating Condition For Different Dose Of Rocuronium In Burn And Non-Burn Patients

An aberrant pharmacodynamics responses to neuromuscular blocking drugs(NMBD)in burn patients increases the potential for lethal hyperkalemia with the administration of depolarizing muscle relaxant eg:succinylcholine and 2.5–5 folds increase in the dose of plasma concentration requirement for non–depolarizing muscle relaxants like :D–tubocurarine,metacurine,pancuronium,atracurium,vecuronium.Therefore Rocuronium may be the drug of choice in burn patients.This study was planned to assess the onset time and intubating conditions with two different doses of rocuronium in patients with thermal injury.It was concluded that in non–burn patient onset time(loss of response to TOF) was 85.5�4.8 sec with a dose of 0.9 mg/kg as compared to 1.2 mg/kg it was 60.55�70.4,while in burn patients (more than 30% burn area) these values were 120.83�6.81 sec and 86.16�5.2 respectively.

Breast Metastasis From Carcinoma of The Posterior Pharyngeal Wall.

The head and neck malignancies constitute five percent of all the cancers world-wide. With increasing local regional control and survival rates, the incidence of distant metastasis is increasing. The most common site for distant metastasis from head and neck cancers is lung followed by the bones, liver, and mediastinal nodes. Breast metastases from extramammary malignancies are uncommon, constituting about two per cent of all breast tumors. We present a case of carcinoma of the posterior pharyngeal wall metastatic to breast in a male patient.

Fibromatosis of the breast--a case report.

A case of fibromatosis of the breast in a 30 years old female is described. Only a few cases have been previously reported. It is anticipated that fibromatosis of breast behaves in a similar fashion to fibromatosis occurring in other sites. It is a locally aggressive lesion which exhibits a high incidence of local recurrence following incomplete excision.

Isolated conjunctival amyloidosis--a case report.

Isolated conjunctival amyloidosis is extremely rare and usually diagnosed histologically instead of clinically. This has been variously reported as an unusual cause of ptosis, complication of trachoma, painless nodular aggregates and recurrent subconjunctival hemorrhages. Once diagnosed, evaluation for systemic disease is advised though results of examination are almost always negative and frustrating.

Significance of mucin secretion in carcinoma of uterine cervix.

Biopsies from 300 cases with clinical diagnosis of carcinoma cervix were subjected to H&E staining, PAS with diastase and alcian blue at pH 2.5. Interpretation of cases on basis of H&E staining alone and on basis of H&E and mucin stains was done and results compared with each other. Categorization into squamous cell carcinoma (well, moderately & poorly differentiated), adenocarcinoma and mixed carcinoma was done. Morphologic assessment of cases of H&E stain revealed 282 (94%) cases of squamous cell carcinoma, 8 (2.66%) cases of adeno carcinoma and 10 (3.38%) cases of mixed carcinoma respectively. While on the basis of H&E and mucin stains, squamous cell carcinoma case turned out to be 266 (88.66%) in number; mixed carcinomas which included adenosquamous carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma with mucin secretion accounted for 26 (8.66%) of cases, number of adenocarcinoma was unchanged i.e. 8 (2.66%). 16 of 282 cases (5.6%) diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma on H&E stain alone were reclassified as mixed carcinoma on inclusion of mucin stains. Thus mucin stains are very helpful in deciding the types of carcinoma cervix and should be done in all cases of carcinoma cervix in order to avoid errors in diagnosis and to detect poorly differentiated mixed carcinomas, which may escape detection by H&E staining.